Life for the southeastern nations, as for Native Americans throughout the Americas, changed with European exploration and colonization. For the most part, women tended the fields while men hunted, fished, and engaged in trade with one another, as well as with other groups to the north and west. The southeast Native Americans also gathered berries, nuts, wild plants, and roots from the surrounding forests. By the time of European contact, most of these Native American tribes had settled in villages of 500 people or fewer, and grew corn, beans, squash, sunflowers, greens, tobacco, and other crops. These nations included the Chickasaw (CHIK-uh-saw), Choctaw (CHAWK-taw), Creek (CREEK), Cherokee (CHAIR-oh-kee), and Seminole (SEH-min-ohl). There were more than two dozen Native American groups living in the southeast region, loosely defined as spreading from North Carolina to the Gulf of Mexico. The land along the Atlantic Coast was inhabited long before the first English settlers set foot in North America.
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